Klappa

Public flashcard deck · 90 cards

Seminar 2

Study this deck free Add to my library

  1. Front
    Which of the following best describes stress in biomechanics?
    Back
    Force divided by area
  2. Front
    Which tissue has the highest Young modulus?
    Back
    Compact bone
  3. Front
    According to Hooke’s law, deformation is:
    Back
    Proportional to applied force within elastic limits
  4. Front
    Which of the following tissues behaves most elastically under physiological conditions?
    Back
    Arterial wall
  5. Front
    Which parameter has the greatest effect on vascular resistance according to the Hagen–Poiseuille equation?
    Back
    Vessel radius
  6. Front
    If the radius of a blood vessel decreases twofold, vascular resistance changes by approximately:
    Back
    16 times increase
  7. Front
    Blood flow in a vessel is directly proportional to:
    Back
    Pressure difference
  8. Front
    Which of the following situations most likely produces turbulent blood flow?
    Back
    High blood velocity
  9. Front
    Laminar flow is generally observed when Reynolds number is:
    Back
    Below 1000
  10. Front
    Which of the following increases resistance to blood flow?
    Back
    Narrowing of the vessel lumen
  11. Front
    Which of the following is the SI unit of stress?
    Back
    Pa
  12. Front
    Which type of deformation is reversible after removal of force?
    Back
    Elastic deformation
  13. Front
    A force of 100 N acts on an area of 0.01 m2. What is the stress?
    Back
    10000 Pa
  14. Front
    Which structure is most resistant to tensile stress?
    Back
    Tendon
  15. Front
    Which type of stress predominates in long bones during weight bearing?
    Back
    Compressive stress
  16. Front
    In the musculoskeletal system, the elbow joint is commonly modeled as:
    Back
    A third-class lever
  17. Front
    Which class of lever is represented by standing on tiptoes?
    Back
    Second-class lever
  18. Front
    In a first-class lever, the fulcrum is located:
    Back
    Between force and load
  19. Front
    Which of the following is an example of a first-class lever in the human body?
    Back
    Extension of the head at the atlanto-occipital joint
  20. Front
    Electrotherapy most commonly uses:
    Back
    Direct or alternating electric current
  21. Front
    TENS therapy is mainly used for:
    Back
    Pain reduction
  22. Front
    Magnetotherapy is based on the application of:
    Back
    Static or changing magnetic fields
  23. Front
    Which physical therapy modality uses coherent monochromatic light?
    Back
    Laser therapy
  24. Front
    The biological effect of laser therapy depends mainly on:
    Back
    Wavelength and power
  25. Front
    Transcranial magnetic stimulation acts by:
    Back
    Inducing electric currents in the brain tissue
  26. Front
    Shortwave diathermy primarily produces:
    Back
    Deep tissue heating
  27. Front
    Which respiratory diagnostic method measures lung volumes and capacities?
    Back
    Spirometry
  28. Front
    Which parameter cannot be measured directly by simple spirometry?
    Back
    Residual volume
  29. Front
    Which of the following is equal to vital capacity?
    Back
    IRV + TV + ERV
  30. Front
    Which respiratory volume remains in the lungs after maximal expiration?
    Back
    Residual volume
  31. Front
    Pulse oximetry estimates:
    Back
    Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
  32. Front
    Pulse oximeters use mainly:
    Back
    Red and infrared light
  33. Front
    Which method is considered the gold standard for arterial blood pressure measurement?
    Back
    Invasive intra-arterial measurement
  34. Front
    Korotkoff sounds are used in:
    Back
    Auscultatory blood pressure measurement
  35. Front
    The systolic pressure corresponds to:
    Back
    Maximum arterial pressure
  36. Front
    The diastolic pressure is usually identified when:
    Back
    Korotkoff sounds disappear
  37. Front
    Which site is generally considered the most accurate non-invasive location for core body temperature measurement?
    Back
    Tympanic membrane
  38. Front
    Which thermometer type measures infrared radiation emitted by the body?
    Back
    Infrared thermometer
  39. Front
    Normal human core body temperature is closest to:
    Back
    37°C
  40. Front
    Fever is usually defined as body temperature above:
    Back
    37.5°C
  41. Front
    Which vessel wall component contributes most to arterial elasticity?
    Back
    Elastin fibers
  42. Front
    Which type of blood vessel offers the greatest resistance to blood flow?
    Back
    Arterioles
  43. Front
    Which of the following would decrease vascular resistance?
    Back
    Increased vessel radius
  44. Front
    During exercise, systolic blood pressure usually:
    Back
    Increases
  45. Front
    Which tissue is most likely to undergo plastic deformation before fracture?
    Back
    Bone
  46. Front
    The slope of the stress-strain curve in the elastic region represents:
    Back
    Young modulus
  47. Front
    Which of the following best explains why aneurysms may rupture?
    Back
    Increased wall stress due to increased vessel radius
  48. Front
    According to Laplace’s law, wall tension increases when:
    Back
    Vessel radius increases
  49. Front
    Which imaging method is most useful for measuring blood flow velocity in vessels?
    Back
    Doppler ultrasound
  50. Front
    Which physical therapy modality is contraindicated in patients with cardiac pacemakers?
    Back
    Electrotherapy
  51. Front
    The moment of force is equal to:
    Back
    Force multiplied by distance from the axis of rotation
  52. Front
    What is the SI unit of moment of force?
    Back
    Nm
  53. Front
    A force of 50 N acts at a distance of 0.2 m from a joint axis. The produced moment is:
    Back
    10 Nm
  54. Front
    Increasing the distance from the axis of rotation while keeping the same force will:
    Back
    Increase the moment of force
  55. Front
    Which class of lever has a mechanical advantage greater than 1?
    Back
    Second-class only
  56. Front
    In the human body, third-class levers are common because they:
    Back
    Increase speed and range of motion
  57. Front
    Which type of loading is most likely to produce spiral fractures of long bones?
    Back
    Torsion
  58. Front
    Which type of bone has greater density and stiffness?
    Back
    Cortical bone
  59. Front
    Wolff’s law states that bone:
    Back
    Adapts to mechanical loads placed upon it
  60. Front
    Osteoporotic bone is characterized by:
    Back
    Reduced mechanical strength
  61. Front
    Viscoelastic materials show:
    Back
    Time-dependent deformation
  62. Front
    Creep refers to:
    Back
    Progressive deformation under constant load
  63. Front
    Hysteresis in biological tissues means that:
    Back
    Energy is lost during repeated loading and unloading
  64. Front
    Bone is anisotropic because:
    Back
    Its properties depend on the direction of applied force
  65. Front
    Which type of muscle contraction occurs when muscle length does not change?
    Back
    Isometric
  66. Front
    During concentric contraction, the muscle:
    Back
    Shortens while generating force
  67. Front
    Which contraction usually generates the greatest muscle force?
    Back
    Eccentric
  68. Front
    Which respiratory parameter is the volume exhaled during the first second of forced expiration?
    Back
    FEV1
  69. Front
    Which pattern is typical of obstructive lung disease?
    Back
    Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
  70. Front
    Which disease is classically associated with an obstructive spirometry pattern?
    Back
    Asthma
  71. Front
    Which respiratory disease usually produces a restrictive pattern?
    Back
    Pulmonary fibrosis
  72. Front
    Restrictive lung disease is typically associated with:
    Back
    Reduced total lung capacity
  73. Front
    Plethysmography is particularly useful for measuring:
    Back
    Residual volume and total lung capacity
  74. Front
    Capnography measures:
    Back
    Carbon dioxide concentration in exhaled air
  75. Front
    Pulse oximetry may be inaccurate in:
    Back
    Severe carbon monoxide poisoning
  76. Front
    Mean arterial pressure is approximately equal to:
    Back
    Diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure
  77. Front
    Pulse pressure is equal to:
    Back
    Systolic pressure − diastolic pressure
  78. Front
    Using a cuff that is too small during blood pressure measurement usually causes:
    Back
    Falsely high pressure values
  79. Front
    If the arm is positioned below heart level during blood pressure measurement, the reading will usually be:
    Back
    Falsely high
  80. Front
    Which of the following thermometers has the shortest response time?
    Back
    Infrared thermometer
  81. Front
    A thermistor works because its:
    Back
    Resistance changes with temperature
  82. Front
    Non-contact thermometers measure:
    Back
    Infrared radiation emitted by the body
  83. Front
    Microwave diathermy differs from shortwave diathermy because it:
    Back
    Produces more superficial heating
  84. Front
    Which therapy is absolutely contraindicated over metallic implants?
    Back
    Electrotherapy with strong currents
  85. Front
    Which of the following modalities is most useful for stimulating deep brain structures noninvasively?
    Back
    TMS
  86. Front
    Diagnostic ultrasound differs from therapeutic ultrasound because diagnostic ultrasound:
    Back
    Produces minimal tissue heating
  87. Front
    If blood viscosity increases, vascular resistance will:
    Back
    Increase
  88. Front
    If two identical blood vessels are arranged in parallel, the total resistance:
    Back
    Is halved
  89. Front
    If two identical blood vessels are arranged in series, the total resistance:
    Back
    Doubles
  90. Front
    Which blood vessel parameter has the strongest effect on blood flow according to Hagen–Poiseuille law?
    Back
    Radius

Study these 90 cards with spaced repetition. Klappa is a free flashcard app: it schedules every card with FSRS-6, studies a deck as flashcards, multiple choice, typed answers or a graded test, and imports your Anki decks. How Klappa schedules reviews.

Sign in to study